INS supported the model and performed the black-start studies in PSCAD a Black Start project of a transmission owner (connected to a 138kV line) in Wisconsin. The project contains up to four black-start units (30 MVA/unit). INS modeled the gas units with standard IEEE governor, excitation, and system stabilizer (PSS). Motor loads were modeled with the manufacturer’s torque-speed curves. Additional variable speed drives were modeled. INS then came up with a black-start solution that was cost-effective or the least number of units online during the black-start process to maintain the frequency and voltage during transient and steady-state conditions.
August 8, 2023
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